Energy Management Strategy with Regenerative-Breaking Recovery of Mixed Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles
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1
ULPMRN Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University Mohammed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria
2
Faculty of Sciences & Technology, Bordj Bou Arreridj University, Algeria
3
Laboratory of Applied Sciences, Ecole National Superieure des Technologies Avancées, Algeria
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Corresponding author
Fouad Zebiri
Faculty of Sciences & Technology, University Mohammed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria.
Power Electronics and Drives 2024;9 (44):463-481
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ABSTRACT
The present paper addresses the energy management (EM) strategy between batteries and ultracapacitors (UCs) in a dual-propulsion
urban electric vehicle (EV). The use of two propulsion machines proves advantageous for high-performance EVs facing spatial
constraints. Allocating load power requirements among the propulsion machines and energy storage components poses a significant
challenge in this design. In this paper, the control strategy presents managing the energy flow between the converters and the two
brushless DC motors (BLDCs) motors via the DC link in order to maintain the energy demand of the EV coming from the dynamics of the
latter. For this, power control is carried out by a management algorithm. This management is based on the power requested/generated
by the two machines (BLDCs), the state of charge of the batteries (SOCBat) and the state of charge of the ultracapacitors (SOCUC). The
bidirectional DC-DC converter is controlled with current to ensure the functioning of the motor or the generator of the vehicle. We also
integrate the controls of the DC bus and BLDC. Additionally, the recovered energy during braking is stored in the battery or in the UC
depending on the operating conditions.